Imaging of the Human Brain in Health and Disease

• Author : Philip Seeman,Bertha Madras
• Publisher : Elsevier
• Release : 15 November 2013

Brain imaging technology remains at the forefront of advances in both our understanding of the brain and our ability to diagnose and treat brain disease and disorders. Imaging of the Human Brain in Health and Disease examines the localization of neurotransmitter receptors in the nervous system of normal, healthy humans and compares that with humans who are suffering from various neurologic diseases. Opening chapters introduce the basic science of imaging neurotransmitters, including sigma, acetylcholine, opioid, and dopamine receptors. Imaging the

• Author : Cameron S. Carter,Jeffrey W. Dalley
• Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
• Release : 04 November 2011

This volume highlights the remarkable new developments in brain imaging, including those that apply magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), that allow us to non invasively study the living human brain in health and in disease. These technological advances have allowed us to obtain new and powerful insights into the structure and function of the healthy brain as it develops across the life cycle, as well as the molecular make up of brain systems and circuits as

• Author : Carole Escartin, Keith Murai
• Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
• Release : 25 November 2014

Astrocytes are key cellular partners to neurons in the brain. They play an important role in multiple processes such as neurotransmitter recycling, trophic support, antioxidant defense, ionic homeostasis, inflammatory modulation, neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling, neurogenesis, synapse formation and synaptic plasticity. In addition to their crucial involvement in normal brain physiology, it is well known that astrocytes adopt a reactive phenotype under most acute and chronic pathological conditions such as ischemia, trauma, brain cancer, epilepsy, demyelinating and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the

• Author : Dorina Papageorgiou,George Christopoulos,Stelios Smirnakis
• Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
• Release : 31 May 2014

The brain is the most complex computational device we know, consisting of highly interacting and redundant networks of areas, supporting specific brain functions. The rules by which these areas organize themselves to perform specific computations have only now started to be uncovered. Advances in non-invasive neuroimaging technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the functional anatomy of cortical circuits in health and disease states, which is the focus of this book. The first section of this book focuses on methodological issues,

• Author : Philip Novosad
• Publisher : Unknown
• Release : 25 January 2022

"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful non-invasive imaging technique with wide-ranging applications in both research and the clinic. Combined with complementary clinical or psychological data, structural MRI of the human brain in both health and disease can be used to investigate a broad array of questions regarding the nature of the relationship between brain structure and health and behaviour. Structural MRI can also be used to obtain quantitative structural biomarkers, which, when combined with machine-learning classifiers, can be used

• Author : Seiji Shioda,Ikuo Homma,Nobumasa Kato
• Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
• Release : 25 July 2009

Prominent international researchers contributed to this volume of reports advancing the study of brain function and morphology. Comprising investigations in several areas of neuroscience, the book includes research in neurodegenerative diseases and in neuroregeneration in adults. Described here are the effects of neuropeptides and biogenic amines on feeding, respiration, and other autonomic functions as well as on behavior. One chapter focuses on regulation of the blood brain barrier function by various neuropeptides, proteins, receptors, and transporters. Another is concerned with

• Author : Christos Papadelis,Patricia Ellen Grant, Yoshio Okada,Hubert Preissl
• Publisher : Unknown
• Release : 12 October 2015

Research on the human brain development has seen an upturn in the past years mostly due to novel neuroimaging tools that became available to study the anatomy and function of the developing brain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) are beginning to be used more frequently in children to determine the gross anatomy and structural connectivity of their brain. Functional MRI and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) determine the hemodynamics and electroencephalography (EEG) the electrophysiological functions of the developing

• Author : Francesco Fraioli
• Publisher : Springer
• Release : 05 March 2019

This well-illustrated pocket book offers up-to-date guidance on the clinical and research applications of PET/CT in the most common neurological and neuro-oncological disorders. The opening chapters cover the pros and cons of widely used radiological imaging techniques, scanners, and radiopharmaceuticals, with emphasis on the state of the art hybrid modalities, primarily PET/CT but also PET/MRI. Helpful information is provided on the clinical and research tracers used in neurodegenerative diseases, movement disorders, epilepsy and brain tumours. These four

• Author : Alex Fornito,Andrew Zalesky,Edward Bullmore
• Publisher : Academic Press
• Release : 04 March 2016

Fundamentals of Brain Network Analysis is a comprehensive and accessible introduction to methods for unraveling the extraordinary complexity of neuronal connectivity. From the perspective of graph theory and network science, this book introduces, motivates and explains techniques for modeling brain networks as graphs of nodes connected by edges, and covers a diverse array of measures for quantifying their topological and spatial organization. It builds intuition for key concepts and methods by illustrating how they can be practically applied in diverse

• Author : R. Grant Steen
• Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
• Release : 16 September 2009

As critics will note, psychometric tests are deeply flawed. Person-to-person differences in performance on a psychometric test are not informative about many things of great interest. An intelligence quotient (IQ) cannot characterize creativity or w- dom or artistic ability or other forms of specialized knowledge. An IQ test is simply an effort to assess an aptitude for success in the modern world, and individual scores do a mediocre job of predicting individual successes. In the early days of psychology, tests

• Author : Katherine L. Perdue,Thayer School of Engineering
• Publisher : Unknown
• Release : 25 January 2022

Noninvasive human brain imaging has provided new insights into the function of the brain in health and disease. Advances in imaging technology have made it possible to measure neural and vascular dynamics simultaneously. Neural and vascular imaging methods generally have different spatial resolutions and sensitivity patterns, and measure physiology with different temporal scales and dynamics. Comparing neural and vascular imaging signals requires a detailed understanding of the physiological and anatomical origins of these signals. The goal of this work is

• Author : Alessandro Michelucci,Michel Mittelbronn,Diego Gomez-Nicola
• Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
• Release : 05 October 2018

Microglia are essential for the development and function of the adult brain. Their ontogeny, together with the absence of turnover from the periphery and the singular environment of the central nervous system (CNS), make microglia a unique cell population compared to other tissue-macrophages. The unique properties and functions of microglial cells, such as their role in synaptic pruning or the exceptional capacity to scan the brain parenchyma and rapidly react to its perturbations, have emerged in recent years. In the

• Author : Marcus E. Raichle,Gordon M. Shepherd
• Publisher : Oxford University Press
• Release : 17 September 2014

Modern brain imaging is revolutionizing the study of brain function in health and disease. However, few realize that its origins began in the nineteenth century with Dr. Angelo Mosso's pioneering experiments. A foremost Italian physiologist and scientist, Angelo Mosso studied several patients brought to him with head injuries that exposed their live brains to direct, long-term observation. He took advantage of these rare opportunities to document, for the first time, changes in cerebral blood flow in response to different stimuli,

• Author : Jack M. Gorman
• Publisher : Oxford University Press
• Release : 15 August 2018

Neuroscience, the study of the structure and function of the brain, has captured our imaginations. Breakthrough technologies permit neuroscientists to probe how the human brain works in ever-more fascinating detail, revealing what happens when we think, move, love, hate, and fear. We know more than ever before about what goes wrong in the brain when we develop psychiatric and neurological illnesses like depression, dementia, epilepsy, panic attacks, and schizophrenia. We also now have clues about how treatments for those disorders

• Author : Sook-Lei Liew,Lianne Schmaal,Neda Jahanshad
• Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
• Release : 10 October 2019

The human brain is incredibly complex, and the more we learn about it, the more we realize how much we need a truly interdisciplinary team to make sense of its intricacies. This eBook presents the latest efforts in collaborative team science from around the world, all aimed at understanding the human brain.