Fault Zone Properties and Earthquake Rupture Dynamics

• Author : Eiichi Fukuyama
• Publisher : Academic Press
• Release : 24 April 2009

The dynamics of the earthquake rupture process are closely related to fault zone properties which the authors have intensively investigated by various observations in the field as well as by laboratory experiments. These include geological investigation of the active and fossil faults, physical and chemical features obtained by the laboratory experiments, as well as the seismological estimation from seismic waveforms. Earthquake dynamic rupture can now be modeled using numerical simulations on the basis of field and laboratory observations, which should

• Author : Marion Y. Thomas,Thomas M. Mitchell,Harsha S. Bhat
• Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
• Release : 12 July 2017

Earthquakes are some of the most dynamic features of the Earth. This multidisciplinary volume presents an overview of earthquake processes and properties including the physics of dynamic faulting, fault fabric and mechanics, physical and chemical properties of fault zones, dynamic rupture processes, and numerical modeling of fault zones during seismic rupture. This volume examines questions such as: • What are the dynamic processes recorded in fault gouge? • What can we learn about rupture dynamics from laboratory experiments? • How do on-fault and

• Author : Marion Y. Thomas,Thomas M. Mitchell,Harsha S. Bhat
• Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
• Release : 19 June 2017

Earthquakes are some of the most dynamic features of the Earth. This multidisciplinary volume presents an overview of earthquake processes and properties including the physics of dynamic faulting, fault fabric and mechanics, physical and chemical properties of fault zones, dynamic rupture processes, and numerical modeling of fault zones during seismic rupture. This volume examines questions such as: • What are the dynamic processes recorded in fault gouge? • What can we learn about rupture dynamics from laboratory experiments? • How do on-fault and

• Author : Anonim
• Publisher : Unknown
• Release : 03 June 2023

Previous models of earthquake rupture dynamics have neglected interesting deformational properties of fault zone materials. While most current studies involving off-fault inelastic deformation employ simple brittle failure yield criteria such as the Drucker-Prager yield criterion, the material surrounding the fault plane itself, known as fault gouge, has the tendency to deform in a ductile manner accompanied by compaction. We incorporate this behavior into a new constitutive model of undrained fault gouge in a dynamic rupture model. Dynamic compaction of undrained

• Author : Yehuda Ben-Zion,Charles Sammis
• Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
• Release : 30 December 2009

Considerable progress has been made recently in quantifying geometrical and physical properties of fault surfaces and adjacent fractured and granulated damage zones in active faulting environments. There has also been significant progress in developing rheologies and computational frameworks that can model the dynamics of fault zone processes. This volume provides state-of-the-art theoretical and observational results on the mechanics, structure and evolution of fault zones. Subjects discussed include damage rheologies, development of instabilities, fracture and friction, dynamic rupture experiments, and analyses

• Author : Eiichi Fukuyama
• Publisher : Academic Press
• Release : 06 April 2009

The dynamics of the earthquake rupture process are closely related to fault zone properties which the authors have intensively investigated by various observations in the field as well as by laboratory experiments. These include geological investigation of the active and fossil faults, physical and chemical features obtained by the laboratory experiments, as well as the seismological estimation from seismic waveforms. Earthquake dynamic rupture can now be modeled using numerical simulations on the basis of field and laboratory observations, which should

• Author : Sebastiano D'Amico
• Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
• Release : 08 February 2012

This book is devoted to different aspects of earthquake research. Depending on their magnitude and the placement of the hypocenter, earthquakes have the potential to be very destructive. Given that they can cause significant losses and deaths, it is really important to understand the process and the physics of this phenomenon. This book does not focus on a unique problem in earthquake processes, but spans studies on historical earthquakes and seismology in different tectonic environments, to more applied studies on

• Author : Jingqian Kang
• Publisher : Unknown
• Release : 03 June 2023

Using dynamic modeling of earthquake rupture on a strike-slip fault and seismic wave propagation in a three dimensional inhomogeneous elastoplastic medium, I investigate the inelastic response of compliant fault zones to nearby earthquakes. I primarily examine the plastic strain distribution within the fault zone and the displacement field that characterizes the effects of the presence of the fault zone. I find that when the fault zone rocks are close to failure in the prestress field, plastic strain occurs along the

• Author : Åke Fagereng,Virginia G. Toy,Julie V. Rowland
• Publisher : Geological Society of London
• Release : 03 June 2023

Professor Richard (Rick) Sibson revolutionized structural geology by illustrating that fault rocks contain an integrated record of earthquakes. Fault-rock textures develop in response to geological and physical variables such as composition, environmental conditions (e.g. temperature and pressure), fluid presence and strain rate. These parameters also determine the rate- and state-variable frictional stability of a fault, the dominant mineral deformation mechanism and shear strength, and ultimately control the partitioning between seismic and aseismic deformation. This volume contains a collection of

• Author : Lon D. Abbott,Gregory S. Hancock
• Publisher : Geological Society of America
• Release : 16 October 2013

"This guide's 14 chapters, which span the Rocky Mountain region's 1.7-billion-year history, give a retrospective glimpse of early geologic ideas being forged, bring the latest mapping and analytical results from classic locations, and introduce techniques that will form the bedrock of our geologic understanding in the years to come"--

• Author : Christopher H. Scholz
• Publisher : Cambridge University Press
• Release : 03 January 2019

A major update of this classic reference text on earthquakes and faulting with a wealth of new topics and observations.

• Author : William R. Cotton,George Bryan,Susan C. van den Heever
• Publisher : Academic Press
• Release : 21 December 2010

This book focuses on the dynamics of clouds and of precipitating mesoscale meteorological systems. Clouds and precipitating mesoscale systems represent some of the most important and scientifically exciting weather systems in the world. These are the systems that produce torrential rains, severe winds including downburst and tornadoes, hail, thunder and lightning, and major snow storms. Forecasting such storms represents a major challenge since they are too small to be adequately resolved by conventional observing networks and numerical prediction models. * Provides

• Author : Anonim
• Publisher : Elsevier
• Release : 17 April 2015

Treatise on Geophysics, Second Edition, is a comprehensive and in-depth study of the physics of the Earth beyond what any geophysics text has provided previously. Thoroughly revised and updated, it provides fundamental and state-of-the-art discussion of all aspects of geophysics. A highlight of the second edition is a new volume on Near Surface Geophysics that discusses the role of geophysics in the exploitation and conservation of natural resources and the assessment of degradation of natural systems by pollution. Additional features

• Author : Mitiyasu Ohnaka
• Publisher : Cambridge University Press
• Release : 11 April 2013

"Physical modelling of earthquake generation processes is essential to further our understanding of seismic hazard. However, the scale-dependent nature of earthquake rupture processes is further complicated by the heterogeneous nature of the crust. Despite significant advances in the understanding of earthquake generation processes, and the derivation of underlying physical laws, controversy remains regarding what the constitutive law for earthquake ruptures ought to be, and how it should be formulated. It is extremely difficult to obtain field data to define physical

• Author : Tatsuhiko Saito
• Publisher : Springer
• Release : 23 January 2019

This book introduces a framework of tsunami modelling from generation to propagation, aimed at application to the new observation started in Japan after the devastating tsunami of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. About 150 seismic and tsunami sensors were deployed in a wide region off the Pacific coast of eastern Japan in order to catch tsunami generation inside the focal area, which makes a clear departure from conventional observations that detect tsunamis far from the source region. In order to exploit the full